Ehkä seuraavista lainauksista on hyötyä.
To summarize, Gray's cold electricity circuit runs like this: It starts with power out of the battery; he raises it to 3000 volts DC that he stores in a very large capacitor. He then discharges impulses through a spark gap, clipped by a vacuum tube, such that the impulse duration is less than 50 microseconds. This staccato of impulses flows through the Electro-Radiant Transceiver, which creates a series of radiant, electrostatic fields of spatially distributed voltage that is picked up by the charge-receiving grids. As soon as the Electro-Radiant Event ceases, these charged grids discharge to ground through the primary of the “inductive load.” The output recovery system is inductively coupled to this discharge primary with a voltage step-down to run light bulbs and other medium voltage appliances, as well as another step-down transformer to recharge the secondary battery. By switching the batteries back and forth periodically, Gray could keep the system going indefinitely, and still produce a sizable output.
At this point, there is only one final error to point out. In the patent text, Gray proposes a theory as to where the excess energy is coming from. He suggests that the gain in energy that appears on the receiving grids is the “equivalent” of the current from the low voltage anode (battery # 40) times the voltage from the high voltage anode (Capacitor # 16), combining in the spark discharge. He states: “Because the duration of the arc is very short, the instantaneous voltage, and instantaneous current may both be very high. The instantaneous peak apparent power is therefore, also very high.” This is clearly not true. I have tried dozens of methods to combine the voltage from one source with the current from another source in an attempt to create a power cross-product. It doesn't work. But the best evidence that Gray was not doing this he in these two points. First, such a scheme, if it were possible, would produce normal, HOT electricity. And second, Gray's conversion tube has a resistor between the spark-gap and the battery source, clearly blocking the availability of unlimited current. So, Gray's explanation of the “gain mechanism” cannot be true. He either put this in the patent because he didn't really understand the effect himself, or because he thought this explanation would get past the Patent examiners more easily. (I personally believe Gray understood how to create the effect, but he didn't know how to explain it.)
Gray's statement that he only used 1% of the energy and that 99% went back into the battery is actually a meaningless attempt to explain this phenomenon in Thermodynamic terms. Actually, all of the energy in his primary circuit is lost. The capacitor # 16 discharges into the spark-gap, where 99% of the work potential of the energy is lost in the voltage drop, not to mention the fact that there is no output “work device” in the discharge path to take advantage of the impulse. So, 100% of the input energy is lost in terms of ordinary work conversion. It does do something else though. It produces a series of unidirectional discharges that release a series of “Electro-Radiant” events that are discharged through the real output “work device.” This work output is 100 times greater than the energy lost to create it.
If, at this point, there is still skepticism regarding the properties of Gray's circuit, the following may help to put all of this in perspective. Figure 35 shows a classic image of the enigmatic Testatika Machine, designed by Paul Baumann at the Methernitha Community in Linden, Switzerland. Mr. Baumann claims he learned how to build this device by studying lightning. It has a Wimshurst Machine as the high voltage, electro-static front end, which charges two capacitors or Leyden Jars. The high voltage from those capacitors goes down into the tops of the large cans, (the insides of which Mr. Baumann has never let anyone see) then, comes out the bottoms and meets in a spark gap. There has been endless speculation regarding the construction of these “big cans,” ranging from Uranium doped capacitors to strange arrangements of crystals and magnets. But, I submit to you that these “big cans” are Electro-Radiant Transceivers, and that they are not altogether different from Gray's Conversion Tube design.
It is interesting to note that Mr. Baumann has placed one can on either side of the spark-gap, the first, probably producing a positive Electro-Radiant Event, and the second, producing a negative Electro-Radiant Event. You may recall that Vassilatos reported that Tesla said, depending on the location of the spark-gap, he could either project a charge or deplete a charge from a surface. So this is what a fully balanced system might look like, where the output pulses actually resolve the charge from an Electro-Radiant positive surface to an Electro-Radiant negative surface, instead of just from one grid to ground, like in Gray's system.
Lindemann, Peter A. 2000. The Free Energy Secrets of Cold Electricity. United States of America: Clear Tech Inc. 59-60.